|
|
TIME is not real - it is a human construct
to help us differentiate between now and our
perception of the past, an equally astonishing
and baffling theory states.
This conundrum as to why we interpret time in a
forward motion has led scientists to question
why. Inevitably, some have concluded that time
is simply human construct.
They argue that there is a 'block-universe'
where time and space are connected, otherwise
known as space-time.
The theory, which is backed up Einstein's theory
of relativity, states that space and time are
part of a four dimensional structure where
everything thing that has happened has its own
co-ordinates in space-time.
This would allow everything to be "real" in the
sense that the past, and even the future, are
still there in spacetime - making everything
equally important as the present.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology physicist
Max Tegmark, told
space.com:
"We can portray our reality as either a
three-dimensional place where stuff happens over
time, or as a four-dimensional place where
nothing happens ['block universe'] - and if it
really is the second picture, then change really
is an illusion, because there's nothing that's
changing; it's all just there - past, present,
future.
Read More.
Past, present and future are all 'now'
Physical nature of Time
In equations and computation of classic physics,
time used an absolute quantity. The subject that
time is really absolute or not, did not discuss
anymore and it was not considerable to draw
attention of researchers and scientists.
Because, there was not any physical experience
that be inconsistent with being absolute of
time. However, after "Michelson-Morley
Experiment" and formulation of "Lorentz
Transformation"and especially with appearance of
relativity, synchronization of two same clocks
was challenged in different speeds and more than
even the physical nature of time was questioned
of. However, in relativity, it has been
discussed about dilation of time.
Quantum mechanics investigates about time from
both experimental and conceptual dimensions.
Although paradox of twins was proposed in
relativity, but quantum mechanics claims,
photon does not experience passing time.
Photon travels in space milliards of light years
and when it enters to light systems on the
earth, behaves like photons in which have been
created on the earth and in the lab a moment
ago. Is photon stationary (static) on the axis
of time? In other words, is photon moving in the
space that does not experience passing time in
the words of quantum mechanics, but motionless
in the time? It means that here this question
that, is not there a space-time to the
relativistic concept for the photon?
There is three attitudes about time in the
modern physics. One is based on relativity,
other is a result of quantum mechanics progress
and the third attitude of thermodynamics. In all
three views, space, mass (or energy) and
movement are the intrinsic properties of a
physical entity, but there is considerable
differences view about time.
In special relativity, moving clock works slower
than static clock. According to general
relativity, the clock lies in a stronger
gravitational field, is slower than a clock that
works in a weaker gravitational field. We have
another event that relies on experience more
than it can be relied on theory and essentially
its rules has experimental base and it is
thermodynamics. In thermodynamics, entropy is
known as arrow of time. If we consider the
visible universe as an isolated system,
irregularity is getting increased at the moment
of big bang till now. Therefore, entropy of the
universe can be used as a time arrow.
So far, we have four experimental samples about
physical time, speed is associated with time in
special relativity, In general relativity and
time is affected by gravity, in
quantum mechanics is claimed that there is not
time in quantum scale and it is measurable
in thermodynamics of entropy with the arrow of
time. How this event can be explained? This
event unlike thermodynamic scale of time,
happens in the viewpoint of CPH theory out of
time dimension and it is something beyond of
time dilation. The question is: Where is the
drawback of different interpretations of
physical events and inconsistency in theories
with each other? Is nature mysterious or
unknowable? The reality is another thing. The
reality is that nature rules and physical
behavior of existents has been in the form that
is now too. Just our knowledge and our
recognition has grown and our insight has
permeated from surface to depth.
For better understanding and explanation of
these events and different opinions, we need to
permeate more in the depth of nature and take
some distance of outward (appearance) of events.
It means that we need to pass from the boundary
of the apparent world (speed of light) and
simultaneous with passing from the boundary of
the apparent world, we must leave quantum scales
and analyze the processes in sub quantum scales
in which relativity and quantum mechanics are
not able to explain them.
The sub quantum definition of time:
any physical being does not keep its content
energy in interaction with other physical
entity, experience passing time.
By this definition any physical entity that is
keeping energy content, does not experience
passing time, in other words,
its existence is
independent of time.
In quantum mechanics, all particles have
variable content of energy (except graviton),
even photons can gain energy in interaction with
other particles, like as inverse
Compton scattering, and the gravitational
blueshift, or lose energy as Compton scattering
and gravitational redshift. Therefore, energy of
photon changes. Most importantly, in pair
production, a photon is converted to
"electron-positron" pair, in this process,
photon is decayed and "electron-positron" pair
are created. These are all reasons that the
photon will experience passing time, but in a
long journey in space, it moves with limit
speed c, as long as it does not interact with
other particles or fields, it preserves its
content of energy and in this travelling , does
not experience passing time.
Assume that the observable universe would
collapse due to gravity. Again, a new universe
appears by another big bang. We suppose a smart
existent like human lives in the next universe,
the question is: How he/she will know that we
have lived before him/her? All the materials in
the observable universe converted to energy and
energy converted to matter again. How do we know
there was a universe before the present universe
or it has not been existed at all? We do not
know the answer of this question. However, we
know that any physical existent in this universe
does not destroy and just it converts to another
thing, converting energy to mass and vice versa,
in fact,
field converts to energy, energy
converts to matter-antimatter and vice versa.
The fact is that the Earth, solar system and the
universe existed before us and after us will
exist too. Human as a clock compares himself
with older clocks, and from this comparison
concludes that there exist something that is
called time, and the time is independent of
physical existents. While any attempt to explain
or define time, independent of physical
existents has been inconclusive. According to
the above mentions and with a definition,
we present a general rule of
objects/particles that experience or do not
experience passing time and by using it we will
be become closer to recognize the physical
nature of time.
So, graviton is the
smallest unit of energy in nature, and
everything is made up of energy,
graviton does not experience passing time.
It means everything happens at the same time.
Contains: names, biographies and lectures
|
