C reative
Particle
Higgs
CPH Theory is based on Generalized light velocity from energy into mass.
CPH Theory in Journals
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Low–cost LEDs May Slash Household Electric Bills Within Five Years
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Low–cost LEDs May Slash Household Electric Bills Within Five Years
A new way of making LEDs could see household lighting bills reduced by up to 75% within five years. Gallium Nitride (GaN), a man-made semiconductor used to make LEDs (light emitting diodes), emits brilliant light but uses very little electricity. Until now high production costs have made GaN lighting too expensive for wide spread use in homes and offices.
Severn Bridge illuminated with white GaN LEDs. (Credit: Image courtesy of Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)) However the Cambridge University based Centre for Gallium Nitride has developed a new way of making GaN which could produce LEDs for a tenth of current prices. GaN, grown in labs on expensive sapphire wafers since the 1990s, can now be grown on silicon wafers. This lower cost method could mean cheap mass produced LEDs become widely available for lighting homes and offices in the next five years. Based on current results, GaN LED lights in every home and office could cut the proportion of UK electricity used for lights from 20% to 5%. That means we could close or not need to replace eight power stations. A GaN LED can burn for 100,000 hours so, on average, it only needs replacing after 60 years. And, unlike currently available energy-saving bulbs GaN LEDs do not contain mercury so disposal is less damaging to the environment. GaN LEDs also have the advantage of turning on instantly and being dimmable. Professor Colin Humphreys, lead scientist on the project said: “This could well be the holy grail in terms of providing our lighting needs for the future. We are very close to achieving highly efficient, low cost white LEDs that can take the place of both traditional and currently available low energy light bulbs. That won’t just be good news for the environment. It will also benefit consumers by cutting their electricity bills.” GaN LEDs, used to illuminate landmarks like Buckingham Palace and the Severn Bridge, are also appearing in camera flashes, mobile phones, torches, bicycle lights and interior bus, train and plane lighting. Parallel research is also being carried out into how GaN lights could mimic sunlight to help 3m people in the UK with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Ultraviolet rays made from GaN lighting could also aid water purification and disease control in developing countries, identify the spread of cancer tumours and help fight hospital ‘super bugs’. Funding was provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). About GaN LEDs
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor diode that emits
light when charged with electricity. LEDs are used for display
and lighting in a whole range of electrical and electronic
products. Although GaN was first produced over 30 years ago, it
is only in the last ten years that GaN lighting has started to
enter real-world applications. Currently, the brilliant light
produced by GaN LEDs is blue or green in colour. A phosphor
coating is applied to the LED to transform this into a more
practical white light. Possible Future Applications
Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090129090218.htm
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Sub quantum space and interactions from photon to fermions and bosons |
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Since 1962 I doubted on Newton's laws. I did not accept the infinitive speed and I found un-vivid the laws of gravity and time.
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