Abstract

Zero Point Energy (ZPE) describes the random electromagnetic oscillations that are left in the vacuum after all other energy has been removed. One way to explain this is by means of the uncertainty principle of quantum physics, which implies that it is impossible to have a zero energy condition.

In this article, the ZPE is explained by using a novel description of the graviton. This is based on the behavior of photons in a gravitational field, leading to a new definition of the graviton. In effect, gravitons behave as if they have charge and magnetic effects.

These are referred to as negative color charge, positive color charge and magnetic color. From this, it can be shown that a photon is made of color charges and magnetic color. This definition of the structure of a photon then leads to an explanation of how the vacuum produces Zero Point Energy (ZPE).

Keywords: Zero point energy, Dirac equation, Hawking radiation, graviton, photon, pair production, color-charge, magnetism color, photon, vacuum and Higgs

Contents;

1 Introduction

2 The photon in a gravitational field

3 Color-charges and color-magnetism

4 Gravitons

5 Definition of a CPH

6 Principle of CPH theory

7 CPH and the Cyclic group

8 Zero Point Energy

9 Hawking Radiation

References;

1 Introduction

Zero Point Energy (ZPE), or vacuum fluctuation energy, are terms used to describe the random electromagnetic oscillations that are left in a vacuum after all other energy has been removed.

The concept of zero-point energy was first proposed by Albert Einstein and Otto Stern in 1913, and was originally called "residual energy" or Nullpunktsenergie. All quantum mechanical systems have a zero point energy. The term arises commonly in reference to the ground state of the quantum harmonic oscillator and its null oscillations.

In cosmology, the vacuum energy is taken by many to be the origin of the cosmological constant. Experimentally, the zero-point energy of the vacuum leads directly to the Casimir effect[i], and is directly observable in nanoscale devices.

One way to explain this is by means of the uncertainty principle of quantum physics, which implies that it is impossible to have a zero energy condition.

In this article, an attempt has been made according to the concept of gravitational blue shift, to take the Mössbauer effect, Pound-Rebka experiments and the interaction between gravity and the photon into consideration from a Higgs field point of view[ii].

Blue shift and the Mössbauer effect indicate clearly that three different Higgs bosons cause increasing photon mass when they have electromagnetic specifications. This generalizes color charge from the nuclear regime to the photon. This new view of color charge means that we can redefine the graviton and electromagnetic energy.

Gravitons behave like charged particles and in the interaction between gravity and the photon, gravitons convert to negative and positive color charges and magnetic color. These color charges and magnetic color form electromagnetic energy and electromagnetic energy then converts to matter and anti-matter such as charged particles.

Acknowledgment:

The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to William M. MacArthur (wilmac@aapt.net.au) for his close attention to CPH theory, for helping to generate fruitful discussion with encouraging e-mails and especially for editing the current article.

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